Effects of Globalisation on Indian Society Essay

Indian Society is among the oldest in the world and varied and complex in its heritage. exactly about 200 years of compound convention changed its socio-cultural process. India was turned into an appendage of the British empire. British colonial policy transformed its economy, society and polity. The British colonial authority was responsible for the introduction of the innovational suppose in India. They surveyed the land, portiont lead land revenues, created a innovative bureaucracy, army, police, instituted law courts and helped in the codification of laws.The colonial constitution developed communications, the railways, the postal system, telegraph, roads and the canal system. It introduced incline language and took steps for the establishment of universities. The to a higher place changes set in motion a number of forces which had long-run and often adverse consequences for the Indian economy and society. These changes were non oriented towards causing reliefd deve lopment and make headway of the Indian society. They only served the imperial interests of the colonial authority. India which had a glorious past, had become one of the poorest countries when it freed itself from colonial bondage.In 1948-49 Indias national income was 86. 5 thousand meg rupees. Which meant a per capita income of only 264 (rupees). This was one of the lowest in the world. India had a predominant agrarian economy. 72 per centum of its total workforce was dependent upon agriculture. Organised industries accounted for dickens percent of the workforce. The colonial authority pursued policies which led to pouperisation of the peasants, who had reduced to the position of share-croppers, marginal tenants and landless verdant labourers.At the dawn of independence India was stintingally dependant upon advanced countries. Its exports consisted of primary products while its imports consisted of manufactures from industrialised countries. It in any case showed a marked def icit in the balance of trade. The economy was characterised by a pronounced economic dualism. The economic expression was also intricately think to a society having features which seriously affected the increase and operation of crude institutions. The country was typically characterised by a class structure in which reason was highly concentrated in a weakened elite.This included, on the one hand, classes whose power was associated with the traditional field and, on the other, impertinenter classes whose power was associated with the growth of the modern sector. Their feature membership was very small in resemblance to the mass of small cultivators, landless agricultural labourers, amateur workers and unemployed or underemployed. Between the elite at the top and the masses at the bottom, there was a very small middle class consisting of fondle businessmen, semi-skilled blue-collar workers and small property owners.These peculiarities had a intent upon a new nation resh aring itself in a post-colonial world. Further, social interactions in India were based on considerations of race, theology caste, community, language and region. After independence India experienced a politics of scarcity on account of the above factors. Political independence raised expectations of the masses. The nationalist elite, who had play in a key role in the freedom struggle, became the new power-elite They and their socio-cultural background set the goals of the new dispensation.Apart from economic development and social alteration achieving economic and political self-reliance was a new goal of the independent Indian introduce. The goal of desegregation of the country was also important to the ruling elite. self-governing India adopted the Westminister model for sharing its political institutions. The parliamentary form of government with a federal take structure was the only alternative before the constitution-making forum. The modern elite wanted to reconstruct t he social structure on modern foundations of law, individual merit and blase education.They therefore, favoured a transition from traditional rural economy to one based on scientifically mean industry and agriculture. To achieve this purpose Community growth project and Five-year Plans were introduced. India thus became a welfare state. The objective of the Indian State being to correct the malformed nature of the economy and society, which had been its colonial inhavitance, the newly goals were unfueled growth, high rate of growth, equality, equity and justice and state and nation-building.